Anna Edwards

Chile’s economic model has historically relied on extractive industries, agriculture, fishing, and export‑oriented manufacturing, sectors that have powered growth while concentrating environmental and social pressures in particular areas. Consequently, corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Chile is not a peripheral marketing tool but a strategic requirement that influences social license, investor confidence, and local development. In recent years, rising public expectations for transparency and genuine community involvement in territorial initiatives have pushed CSR to evolve from simple philanthropy toward governance, disclosure, and collaborative design.Regulatory and institutional forces promoting greater transparencySeveral public factors push companies toward greater openness and community engagement:Access-to-information and…

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Cuba aims to close skills gaps, reinforce public services, and elevate community well-being by fostering collaboration among state institutions, businesses, non-governmental organizations, and local groups. Building on Cuba’s strong foundations in health and education, CSR efforts prioritize updating key services, widening access to vocational training, and enhancing resilience in rural and underserved areas. Successful CSR in Cuba integrates technical capacity building, delivery of social support, and local economic advancement to achieve tangible gains in living conditions and social outcomes.Context and enabling factorsDemographic and social baseline: Cuba’s population of roughly 11 million, together with its high…