Volodymyr Zelenskyy, a former representation of Ukrainian tenacity and worldwide leadership during conflict, is currently facing a significant internal challenge that he has largely contributed to himself. With institutions fighting corruption now endangered, public protests occurring, and growing global anxiety, his capacity to recover depends on rebuilding trust in institutions, respecting democratic principles, and sustaining backing as Russia’s escalating war continues.
Since 2019, Zelenskyy’s journey has been defined by two distinct political arcs. Initially elected on promises of ending corruption and reforming entrenched political elites, he faced early disappointment when progress lagged. His popularity dipped dramatically through 2021 alongside stalled reforms and unclear leadership direction. Critics argued he had overpromised and underdelivered.
Then came the 2022 Russian invasion—a watershed moment during which Zelenskyy transformed into a wartime leader. His refusal to flee Kyiv, daily public addresses, and deft use of international media turned him into a global figure, rallying Western support and national unity. This period forged a new political consensus around him—a coalition forged in crisis, not routine politics.
Yet as wartime unity solidified his position, structural weaknesses resurfaced beneath the veneer of solidarity. Recently, legislation placing Ukraine’s two main anti-corruption bodies under executive control triggered the largest domestic backlash since the war’s start. Tens of thousands protested nationwide, while EU officials, Western allies, and even Ukrainian service members voiced alarm.
Under pressure, Zelenskyy reversed course, unveiling new legislation to restore independence to these agencies. Still, his reputation lies wounded. Critics now question whether he veers toward authoritarianism—eroding democratic foundations he pledged to uphold.
First, reaffirming transparent governance. To rebuild credibility, Zelenskyy must follow through on promises to protect NABU and SAPO from political interference. Clear, enforceable reforms endorsed by all stakeholders—including Europe’s institutions—would not erase the misstep but signal renewed accountability.
Second, encouraging the public to participate constructively. Going back to decision-making that involves consultation, alongside evident legislative scrutiny and open public discussions, can start to rebuild trust. Demonstrators throughout Kyiv, Lviv, Odesa, and further afield symbolize a nationwide call to protect the advancements achieved since the Maidan revolution—a call that cannot be disregarded.
Third, balancing wartime urgency with democratic practice. In wartime, martial law and centralized authority may seem necessary, but extending those measures long-term strains legitimacy. Zelenskyy must clarify a timeline for restoring full democratic norms—especially elections—as military and security conditions evolve.
Fourth, achieving real improvements in governance. Scandals of corruption, economic difficulties, and administrative errors have undermined public trust. Zelenskyy needs to advance reforms—ranging from actions against oligarchs to enhancing public service efficiency—to show genuine progress beyond wartime symbolism.
Political analysts suggest that Zelenskyy may still retain enough support to weather the storm—especially compared against opposition figures lacking his wartime stature. Public polling indicates he remains more trusted than most rivals, though not overwhelmingly so. If elections were held now, some believe he’d perform poorly in a head-to-head against leaders like former commander-in-chief Valerii Zaluzhnyi.
Alternatively, choosing to step down willingly after serving one term might safeguard his legacy as the leader who brought the nation together during its most challenging times.
What dangers are there? If he pauses, postpones needed institutional changes, controls dissent, or indefinitely defers elections, he may risk losing support from both local civil groups and international partners. The potential for EU membership, assistance from the West, and Ukraine’s credibility depend on meeting democratic standards.
At the same time, surrendering authority too quickly or appearing fractured could destabilize wartime coordination. Striking the right balance between strong leadership and accountable rule is his most delicate challenge.
Can Zelenskyy orchestrate a revival? The opportunity is limited yet accessible. Rebuilding of anti-corruption bodies, stabilizing the economy, and transparent leadership objectives could help him regain control of the discourse. To achieve this, he must transition from ideological populism to practical diplomacy and reform.
As Ukraine confronts an intensifying Russian offensive, weak points at home could become strategic vulnerabilities. Solid governance reinforces both internal stability and international confidence.
Whether Zelenskyy recovers hinges on his willingness to correct missteps, open institutions to scrutiny, and reaffirm Ukraine’s democratic identity. If successful, he may retain his place as the wartime figurehead who also honored democratic principles. If he fails, the legacy returns to prewar failings—seen as another chapter in Ukraine’s long struggle with sistema rather than a new beginning.
The next months will test whether Zelenskyy can transcend this crisis not just as a wartime leader, but as a statesman committed to democratic renewal in both war and peace.
